PRES 3 Data Interpretation Bundle
Prepare for PRES 3 with realistic data interpretation cases covering ECGs, blood gases (ABG & VBG), blood tests and radiology.
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Example Cases
ECG interpretation
85+ ECG cases with a systematic interpretation approach
A 49 year old woman is feeling short of breath.
Review this ECG and document your interpretation below.
ABG interpretation
60+ ABG & VBG cases with step-by-step analysis
A 55 year old smoker with known COPD presents with a 1 day history of dyspnoea, cough and wheeze.
An arterial blood gas is performed on room air.
Review the blood gas and document your interpretation below.
| Test | Result | Normal range |
|---|---|---|
| pH | 7.30 | 7.35 - 7.45 |
| PaO2 | 7.8 kPa | 11-13 kPa (82.5 - 97.5 mmHg) |
| PaCO2 | 7.9 kPa | 4.7 - 6.0 kPa (35.2 - 45 mmHg) |
| HCO3- | 32 mEq/L | 22 - 26 mEq/L |
| Na+ | 137 mmol/L | 135 - 146 mmol/L |
| K+ | 4.6 mmol/L | 3.5 - 5.3 mmol/L |
| Cl- | 104 mmol/L | 98 - 106 mmol/L |
| Glucose | 5.1 mmol/L | 3.6 - 5.3 mmol/L (64.8 - 95.4 mg/dL) |
| Lactate | 2.1 mmol/L | 0.5 - 2.2 mmol/L |
Blood test interpretation
100+ blood test cases with clinical context
A 21 year old woman presents to her GP feeling tired all the time and with intermittent abdominal pains. She has a past medical history of irritable bowel syndrome, for which she takes Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide).
On examination, her abdomen is soft but with generalised tenderness. She has a vesicular, erythematous eruption on her knees bilaterally. Her vital signs are all within normal limits.
Interpret the patient's blood tests using a structured approach. This will be followed by a discussion on the clinical reasoning behind the case.
Full blood count (FBC)
| Test | Result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Haemoglobin (Hb) | 110 | β 130 β 180 g/L β 115 β 165 g/L |
| White cell count (WCC) | 7 | 3.6 β 11.0 x 109/L |
| Neutrophils | 4.5 | 1.8 β 7.5 x 109/L |
| Lymphocytes | 1.6 | 1.0 β 4.0 x 109/L |
| Monocytes | 0.5 | 0.2 β 0.8 x 109/L |
| Eosinophils | 0.3 | 0.1 β 0.4 x 109/L |
| Basophils | 0.1 | 0.02 β 0.10 x 109/L |
| Platelet count | 145 | 140 β 400 x 109/L |
| Mean cell volume (MCV) | 76 | 80 β 100 fL |
Urea & electrolytes (U&Es)
| Test | Result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium (Na+) | 135 | 133 β 146 mmol/L |
| Potassium (K+) | 4.5 | 3.5 β 5.3 mmol/L |
| Urea | 4.0 | 2.5 β 7.8 mmol/L |
| Creatinine | 50 | β 59 β 104 ΞΌmol/L β 45 β 84 ΞΌmol/L |
| eGFR | >90 | 90ml/min/1.73m2 |
CRP
| Test | Result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| C-reactive protein (CRP) | 7 | <5 mg/L |
Haematinics
| Test | Result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Serum ferritin | 7 | 41 β 400 ug/L |
Coeliac serology
| Test | Result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Total IgA | >0.2 | >0.2g/L |
| IgA anti-tTg | Positive | - |
| IgA anti-endomysial antibodies | Positive | - |
Radiology interpretation
100+ radiology cases with systematic review
A 20-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden onset chest pain that started 2 hours ago.
A chest X-ray is performed.
Review the chest X-ray and document your interpretation below.
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PRES 3 Data Interpretation Bundle
A collection of comprehensive cases covering ECG, blood gases (ABG & VBG), blood tests and X-ray interpretation, designed for PRES 3 preparation.